The impact of global climate change on agricultural sustainability is becoming increasingly apparent, with extreme phenomena such as droughts, floods and changes in rain patterns. Agriculture as a vital sector for human life is very dependent on climatic conditions. These changes can affect farmers’ productivity, food security and economy. Droughts that are increasingly occurring are a direct impact of climate change. Without enough water, plants cannot grow optimally, resulting in a decrease in crop yields. Several areas in Indonesia that were previously fertile are now experiencing a drastic decline in agricultural productivity. Rice, as a staple food, is very vulnerable to drought, so food security is threatened. On the other hand, excessive rainfall also has negative impacts. Flooding can damage crops and agricultural infrastructure. In addition, water-saturated soil will experience erosion, reducing soil fertility. In the long term, erratic rain patterns can disrupt planting and harvest cycles, affecting farmers’ incomes. Climate change also encourages the emergence of new plant pests and diseases. As temperatures increase, pests can reproduce more quickly and spread more widely. This forces farmers to use more pesticides, which poses risks to human health and the environment. Sustainable farming practices are becoming increasingly difficult to implement. Plant diversity is also threatened by climate change. As the climate changes, some plant varieties previously suited to local conditions become unproductive. Therefore, research to find varieties resistant to extreme conditions is a priority. The development of superior seeds and agricultural techniques that suit the local climate can help increase agricultural resilience. Agricultural adaptation to climate change is very necessary. For example, efficient irrigation systems can help manage water wisely, while agroforestry can improve biodiversity and soil health. In addition, organic farming practices that reduce dependence on synthetic chemicals also strengthen agricultural sustainability. Government policy also plays an important role in supporting agricultural sustainability amidst climate change. Incentives for environmentally friendly technology, training for farmers, and development of infrastructure that supports food security must be prioritized. Local communities need to be included in designing adaptation programs that are relevant to their conditions. Overall, the impact of global climate change on agricultural sustainability shows that proactive measures are urgently needed. By implementing sustainable practices and appropriate policies, the agricultural sector can adapt and remain able to meet people’s food needs. Agricultural sustainability is not only important for farmers but also for the sustainability of human life in the future.
